Metal-planing machine



(Na Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1.

W. H. D. TOTTEN.

METAL PLANING MACHINE.

N.o.Z69,350. Patented ec.19,1882.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. W. H. D. TOTTEN.

METAL PLANING MACHINE.

No. 269,350. Patented Deo.19, 13

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFICEG \VILLIAM H. D. TOTTEN, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

METAL-PLANING MACH INE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 269,350, dated December 19, 1882,

Application filed April 11, 1881. (No model.) v

1"0 all tchom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. D. To'r'rEN, of Pittsburg, county of Allegheny, State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered a new and useful Improvement in Metal-Planing Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, concise, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which-like letters indicating like parts Figure 1, Sheet 1, shows a side elevation of my improved planer, the footof one housingand its bed or track being in section in the plane of the line a as, Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is atransverse sectional view of a detached portion of the planer-table, and also showing the appliances for carrying the tool or cutter. Fig. 3, Sheet 2, shows an end elevation of the planer, and

l ig. 4 is a top plan view of the train of gearing employed in driving the table.

My invention relates to certain improvements in metal-planing machines; and, in general terms, it consists in providing such planer with two sets of housings, one fixed or stationary and the other movable toward and from the former, on each of which is mounted a cutting-tool, so arranged that one shall out as the table is moved forward and the other as the table is moved backward, with mechanism for raising and holding either tool above the article being planed, and gear mechanism for moving the table either at uniform speed in both directions or at different speeds forward and backward, as may be desired.

Heretofore it has been customary to make metal-planers with a tool or tools arranged to cut in one direction only, so that on the return or backward movement of the table no cutting or planing was done. The purpose of my invention is to economize the time and power heretofore wasted in such return movement by adapting this class of machines to out or plane at both the forward and backward movement of the table.

My improved machine is constructed as follows:

On a suitable bed, A, of the usual or any desired form, are erected and secured, in any convenient way, a set of fixed or stationary housings, B, carrying across-beam, B, and

sliding tool-box b, in which is hinged,by apin, b, a forwardly-swinging tool-holder, 12 with its cutting-tool or plane I), the latter being held in place by mortised block I) and bindingscrew b The sliding box b, with its tool b may be raised andlowered by hand-wheel and threaded shaft 1). far mentioned may be constructed in the usual or any desired way with reference to bringing the tool b into proper relation to the table to cut or operate upon an article, D, secured on the planer-table E when the latter is moved toward that end of the machine over which the housings B are erected. Toward the other end of the machine, facing the housings B, are mounted a set of movable housings, O, carrying cross-beam O, sliding tool-box a, toolholder 0 pivoted to the box by pin a, tool or cutter 0, block and binding-screw c c and adjusting wheel and shaft 0 which parts may be constructed and arranged like the corresponding parts on housings 13, except that the tool 0 is set to cut with the reverse motion of the table, (the motion toward tool I) being called the forward motion.) These housings O are made movable toward and from the housings B as follows:

Angle-plates F are securely bolted to the sides of bed A, the upper plates, f, having their upperedges or angles beveled, as in Fig. 3, and forming tracks or ways on which the foot'plates O of the housings rest and slide. Lips or flanges f on the side edges of the foot-plates overlap the beveled edges of the tracks f and prevent lateral displacement of' the housings.

Along one track 1" is formed or secured a rack, F, which gears with a pinion, F Figs. 1 and 3, such pinion being arranged within an opening, 1', in the foot ofthe housing, over the rack, and it is carried and rotated by a hand crank-shaft, F journaled in the housing. By rotating this pinion the housings will be moved or slid back and forth on the tracks f,

and they may be bound in the desired positionby bolts 9 passing through holes in the footplates and through slots 9 in the tracks f; also by dowel-pins g dropped into registering holes in the foot-plates and tracks at any desired points.

The usual working position of the housings These various parts thus.

I distance apartas, for example, when cutting two different grooves or key-seats, d, in a shaft, I), one tool cutting as the table and shaft are moved in one direction and the other tool cutting in the opposite direction 5 or, by setting the tools in close proximity and giving the table a slightly longer travel, both tools may be made to cut in the same groove or over the same surface. In such case it will often be necessary to raise each tool separately out of the groove and hold it above the surface of the article until the table has completed a part of its stroke. For example, as illustrated in Fig. 1, assuming the table to be moving toward the right and the tool to be cutting, it is obvious that if this tool cuts to the end of the groove (1 the tool 0 must be lifted out of the groove as the full surface of the shaft passes, and that unless the tool 0 be held off the shaft until a part of the reverse movement has been made it will cut into the shaft as soon as the reverse movement begins, and thereby make a longer cut or groove than is desired.

I provide tor raising the tools at the desired point and holding them above or clear of the article as follows: Standards B, one for each tool, are secured to the face of the table by bolts h, the heads of which are received and held in the T-head slots h of the table. The standards may thus be set at any desired points along the table. Slotted angle-plates H are secured by bolts h to these standards, the upper bars, [1/ of which extend in opposite directions parallel with the line of motion of the table. Guideribs h on the side faces of the standards, with the bolts 71/ hold the bars 7L3 firm and secure. These bars 1L serve as tracks or lifting-bars, and they may be adjusted either vertically or longitiulinally by the connections described.

To the under edge ofeach of the pivoted toolholders I) c is bolted a slotted bar, t', (see Fig. 2,) the length being sufficient to allow of the desired extent of adjustment corresponding to the size and character of the article being planed and the groove or grooves h, in which the standards are secured. One end of these bars i, adjacent to their respective standards H H, is bent upward at right angles, as at t", and to this vertical part is bolted one arm of the elbow-lever I. A roller, 2, in the horizontal arm i is adjusted to take the track-bar h as the latter moves with the table. As the roller 1' rides up the incline If the tool and its holder are raised forward and upward, turning on the pins 0 or b, as the case may be. The extended bars h will hold their respective tools up at the desired height until on the reverse movement of the table the rollers 2' drop down the inclines 7P, allowing the tool, whichever it may be, to enter the end of the groove d, as in Fig. 1, in proper position to cut as the table continues its movement.

The table E slides on V-ways 0, Fig.3, of the usual form and construction,and reciprocating motion is given to it by means of rack e on its under face and wheel E gearing therein, the latter being carried ou'a shaft, E, which is journaled in bearings secured to the under side of frame A.

It is often desirable to move the table at the same rate of speed in both directions, and at other times to move it slowly in one direction for a lneavyroughing cut with one tool and more quickly in the reverse direction for a finishing out with the other tool. I have shown a combination of gearing for imparting these movements, which, so far as I am aware, is new with myself.

On the extended end of a driving-shaft, K, are mounted three belt-pulleys, K K K, the outer one, K, being fixed on the shaft and the other two running looseon the shaft. Also, running loose on this shaft are two gear-wheels, k which areheld in place by side collars, W, the latter being fastened to the shaft by keys or in other suitable way. From the adjacent faces of the wheels 7c k lugs 12 extend out over the peripheries of the inner collars, k forming clutch-boxes, into either of which an intermediate clutch, N, may'be moved. This clutch has a feather and groove connection with the shaft, and when the shaft is rotated by the outer pulley, K, corresponding mot-ion will be given to either wheel is or k, as the clutch N may be engaged. The wheels 70 7c are of different size, and they gear with pinions l l, respectively, on the shaft L. The wheels 70 and l are of the same size, but the wheel k is larger than lsay two to oneso that with this latter set faster motion will be given to shaft L than with the former; but both sets rotate the shaft in the same direction.

On the end of shaft L is a pinion, P, of the same size as t by preference, (see Fig. 3,) which gears with a larger wheel, 1 and drives the shaft R. A pinion, B on this shaft gears with and drives the wheel E and table E in one direction, the speed depending upon the use in the train of wheel is or k, as above described.

Reverse motion is given to the table through pulley K which runs loose on shaft K, and has affixed to its side a gear-wheel,'s, (see Fig. 4,) of the same size as wheels Z and Z". This wheel 8 gears direct with wheel R and gives it motion at the same rate as wheels 7c, Z, and P, but in the reverse direction. The relative sizes of gear-wheels may be varied, however, if preferred, without substantial change in the combination above described.

The relative positions of shafts E K, L, and R are shown in Fig. 1, K and L being journaled in hangers S and S, below the frame A, and the others to the under side of the frame, as shown. The middle pulley, K runs idle. A driving-belt may be shifted over these pulleys automatically by the usual means, as by a suitable fork and levers extending back from a rocking beam, S which is shifted on its pivot s by knockers s, bolted to the edge flange e of the table. Such mechanism is in common use on this class of machines for reversing motion, and need not be described in detail. Gonnections may also be made from this shifting, beam b for moving the tools automatically sidewise as well as up and down. Ihave illustrated one method of securing such adjustments, (see Figs. 1 and 3,) in which an arm, P, extends from the lower end of beam or lever S below its pivot 8 to and makes jointed connection with a crank-arm, p, projecting down from one end of a short rock-shaft, 1, which latter is journaled in a long bearing, w, on the under side of a curved bracket, W, which is securely bolted to the side of the frame.

At the outer end of shaft P is secured a crossbar, 19, having in its outer face a T-groove, p The reciprocating motion of bar P imparts a rocking motion to bar 1) and a vertically-reciprocating motion through connecting-bar P to rack-bar P This rack operates a pinion and shaft, 0 by which the tool is moved in the usual way. The connecting-bar P is coupled to cross-harp by a bolt, q, the head of which is held in the slot or groovep A hand wheel or nut, q, binds the bar at the desired point in the groove. By shifting the end of bar 1? toward or frointhe center of bar 1) the extent of motion imparted to the toolmay be varied at pleasure. When it is desired to move the housings O the bar P may be uncoupled at either end. Vertical feed motion may be given to the tool by similar connections applied to a vertical screw-shaft in the usual way.

The tool I) may be operated from the shifting-lever S by rack and pinion m m and intermediate lever-connections, which may be duplicates of those which operate tool 0 as above described; or other well-known means may be employedfor moving tool-b such as are in common use on metal-planers for moving the tool held by stationary housings.

For ordinary purposes it will suffice to make one of the two sets of housings movable, as above described; but, if it is desired for any cause, both sets of housings may be made movable, in manner substantially as I have described n housings O.

The advantages securedby my improved machine on many kinds of work are very material, as the time required in doinga piece of work by machinery is an importantitem of expense, and by my improvementthe greater part of the time heretofore lost in reverse motion is utilized, while the machine retains all the requisites for use with one set ofhousings, as heretofore, when for any cause it may be desirable to use it in that form, as in making very short cuts, or on articles accessible from one point only. 1

I claim herein as my invention- 1. In a metal-planing machine, the combination of a reciprocating table, E, stationary housingsB, movable housings G, such housings B and 0 being adapted to carry cutting-tools which are arranged to cut alternately and in opposite directions, and meansfor moving housings 0 toward and from housings B, and for binding such movable housings at the desired distance from B, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of frame or bed A, sliding table E, power mechanism for imparting reciprocating motion to the table, two sets of housings, B and O, erected on the frame, one at least being movable along the frame, toolholders 1) 0 having pivoted adjustable connections with their respective housings, and means for automatically raising such tool-holders on their pivots and holding them above working position through a part of each movement of the table, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In combination with the reciprocating table, housings, and pivoted tool-holder ofa metal-planing machine, an arm, i extending from the tool holder, and standard or lifting device H H, secured on the table and adjustable both vertically and along the length of the table, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In combination with the reciprocating table and movable housings O of a metal-planing machine, a way or track,f, rack I pinion F and means for binding the housings to the track at the desired point in its length, substantially as set forth.

5. In a metal-planing machine having a reciprocating table, E, operated by rack e and gear-wheel E, andin combination therewith a driving-shaft, K, having fixed pulley K and loose gear-wheelskk, with intermediate clutch, N, adapted to engage either gear-wheel, also loose pulleys K K the latter having a gearwheel, 8, attixed thereto, shaft L, carrying pinions 1, l, and and shaft It, carrying gearwheels It and R the same being arranged and combined substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand-.

WILLIAM H. D. TOTTEN. \Vitnesses R. H. WHITTLEsEY, G. L. PARKER. 

